MINISTRY OF FINANCE
(Department of Revenue)
NOTIFICATION
New Delhi, the 6th June, 2014
(INCOME-TAX)
S.O. 1458(E).—Whereas, an agreement (hereinafter referred to as the said agreement) between the Government
of the Republic of India and the Government of the Principality of Liechtenstein, for the exchange of information on tax
matters was signed at Berne, Switzerland on the 28th day of March, 2013;
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2. And whereas, the date of entry into force of the said agreement is the 20th of January, 2014, being one month from
the relevant date on which the last of the notifications of completion of the procedures as required by the respective laws
for entry into force of the said agreement was received, in accordance with paragraph 1 Article 11 of the said agreement:
3. And whereas, the said agreement shall have effect for all requests made in respect of taxable periods beginning on or
after 1st April, 2013, in accordance with paragraph 2 of the Article 11 of the said agreement;
4. Now, therefore, in exercise of the powers confirmed by section 90 of the Income tax Act, 1961 (43 of 1961), the
Central Government hereby directs that the said agreement between the Government of the Republic of India and the
Government of the Principality of Liechtenstein on the exchange of information on tax matters, as set out in the
annexure hereto, shall have effect for all requests made in respect of taxable periods beginning on or after 1st April,
2013.
[Notification No. 30/2014 F.No.503/4/2009-FTD-I]
AKHILESH RANJAN, Jt. Secy.
AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDIA AND THE
GOVERNMENT OF THE PRINCIPALITY OF LIECHTENSTEIN ON THE EXCHANGE OF
INFORMATION ON TAX MATTERS
The Government of the Republic of India and the Government of the Principality of Liechtenstein,
Desiring to facilitate the exchange of information with respect to taxes,
Have agreed as follows:
Article 1
Object and Scope of the Agreement
The competent authorities of the Contracting Parties shall provide assistance through exchange of information
that is foreseeably relevant to the administration and enforcement of the domestic laws of the Contracting Parties
concerning taxes covered by this Agreement. Such information shall include information that is foreseeably relevant to
the determination, assessment and collection of such taxes with respect to persons subject to such taxes, the recovery and
enforcement of tax claims, or the investigation or prosecution of tax matters in relation to such persons. Information
shall be exchanged in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement and shall be treated as confidential in the
manner provided in Article 8. The rights and safeguards secured to persons by the laws or administrative practice of the
requested Party remain applicable to the extent that they do not unduly prevent or delay effective exchange of
information.
Article 2
Jurisdiction
A requested Party is not obligated to provide information which is neither held by its authorities nor in the possession or
control of persons who are within its territorial jurisdiction.
Article 3
Taxes Covered
1.
This agreement shall apply to taxes of every kind and description imposed in the Contracting Parties.
2.
This Agreement shall also apply to any identical or substantially similar taxes imposed after the date of
signature of this Agreement in addition to, or in place of, the existing taxes. The competent authorities of the Contracting
Parties shall notify each other of any substantial changes to the taxes covered by this Agreement and the related
information gathering measures.
Article 4
Definitions
1.
For the purposes of this Agreement, unless otherwise defined:
a) the term “India” means the territory of India and includes the territorial sea and airspace above it, as well as any
other maritime zone in which India has sovereign rights, other rights and jurisdiction, according to the Indian law and in
accordance with international law, including the U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea;
b) the term “Liechtenstein” means, when used in a geographical sense, the area of the sovereign territory of the
Principality of Liechtenstein;
c) the term “Contracting Party” means India or Liechtenstein as the context requires;
d) the term “competent authority” means
i) in the case of India, the Finance Minister, Government of India, or its authorized representative;
ii) in the case of Liechtenstein, the Government of the Principality of Liechtenstein, or its authorised
representative;
e) the term “person” includes an individual, a company, a dormant inheritance and any other body of persons;
f) the term “company” means any body corporate, as well as entities and special asset endowments that are treated as a
body corporate for tax purposes;
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g) the term “publicly traded company” means any company whose principal class of shares is listed on a recognised
stock exchange provided its listed shares can be readily purchased or sold by the public. Shares can be purchased or sold
“by the public” if the purchase or sale of shares is not implicitly or explicitly restricted to a limited group of investors;
h) the term “principal class of shares” means the class or classes of shares representing a majority of the voting power or
of the statutory capital of the company;
i) the term “recognised stock exchange” means
(i)
in India, the National Stock Exchange, the Bombay Stock Exchange, and any other stock exchange
recognised by the Securities and Exchange Board of India;
(ii)
for Liechtenstein, any stock exchange that fulfils the material requirements of Article 4 of the directive
2004/39/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 21 April 2004; and
(iii)
any other stock exchange which the competent authorities agree to recognise for the purposes of this
Agreement.
j) the term “collective investment fund or scheme” means any pooled investment vehicle, irrespective of legal form.
k) the term “public collective investment fund or scheme” means any collective investment fund or scheme provided the
units, shares or other interests in the fund or scheme can be readily purchased, sold or redeemed by the public. Units,
shares or other interests in the fund or scheme can be readily purchased, sold or redeemed “by the public” if the
purchase, sale or redemption is not implicitly or explicitly restricted to a limited group of investors;
l) the term “tax” means any tax to which this Agreement applies;
m) the term “requesting Party” means the Contracting Party requesting information;
n) the term “requested Party” means the Contracting Party requested to provide information;-
o) the term “information gathering measures” means laws and administrative or judicial procedures that enable a
Contracting Party to obtain and provide the requested information;
p) the term “information” means any fact, statement, document or record in whatever form;
2.
As regards the application of this Agreement at any time by a Contracting Party, any term not defined therein
shall, unless the context otherwise requires or the competent authorities agree to a common meaning pursuant to the
provisions of Article 10 of this Agreement, have the meaning that it has at that time under the law of that Party, any
meaning under the applicable tax laws of that Party prevailing over a meaning given to the term under other laws of that
Party.
Article 5
Exchange of Information Upon Request
1.
The competent authority of the requested Party shall provide upon request information for the purposes
referred to in Article 1. Such information shall be exchanged without regard to whether the requested Party needs such
information for its own tax purposes or whether the conduct being investigated would constitute a crime under the laws
of the requested Party if such conduct occurred in the requested Party.
2.
If the information in the possession of the competent authority of the requested Party is not sufficient to enable
it to comply with the request for information, that Party shall use all relevant information gathering measures to provide
the requesting Party with the information requested, notwithstanding that the requested Party may not need such
information for its own tax purposes.
3.
If specifically requested by the competent authority of the requesting Party, the competent authority of the
requested Party shall provide information under this Article, to the extent allowable under its domestic laws, in the form
of depositions of witnesses and authenticated copies of original records.
4.
Each Contracting Party shall ensure that its competent authority, for the purposes of this Agreement, has the
authority to obtain and provide upon request:
a) information held by banks, other financial institutions, and any person, acting in an agency or fiduciary capacity
including nominees and trustees;
b) information regarding the ownership of companies, partnerships, collective investment funds or schemes, trusts,
foundations and other persons, including, within the constraints of Article 2, ownership information on all such persons
in an ownership chain; in the case of collective investment funds or schemes, information on shares, units and other
interests; in the case of trusts, information on settlors, trustees and beneficiaries; in the case of foundations, information
on founders, members of the foundation council and beneficiaries. Further, this Agreement does not create an obligation
on the Contracting Parties to obtain or provide ownership information with respect to publicly traded companies or
public collective investment funds or schemes unless such information can be obtained without giving rise to
disproportionate difficulties.
5.
The competent authority of the requesting Party shall provide the following information in writing to the
competent authority of the requested Party when making a request for information under the Agreement to demonstrate
the foreseeable relevance of the information sought to the request:
(a) the identity of the person under examination or investigation;
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(b) the taxable period for which information is requested;
(c) a statement of the information sought including its nature and the form in which the applicant Party wishes to receive
the information from the requested Party;
(d) the tax purpose for which the information is sought;
(e) grounds for believing that the information requested is foreseeably relevant to the administration and enforcement of
the domestic tax laws of the applicant Party with regard to the person specified in subparagraph (a);
(f) grounds for believing that the information requested is present in the requested Party or is in the possession or control
of a person within the jurisdiction of the requested Party;
(g) to the extent known, the name and address of any person believed to be in possession or control of the requested
information;
(h) a statement that the request is in conformity with the laws and administrative practices of the requesting Party, that if
the requested information was within the jurisdiction of the requesting Party then the competent authority of the
requesting Party would be able to obtain the information under the laws of the requesting Party or in the normal course
of administrative practice and that it is in conformity with this Agreement;
(i) a statement that the requesting Party has pursued all means available in its own territory to obtain the information,
except those that would give rise to disproportionate difficulties.
6.
The competent authority of the requested Party shall forward the requested information as promptly as possible
to the requesting Party. To ensure a prompt response, the competent authority of the requested Party shall:
a) Confirm receipt of a request in writing to the competent authority of the requesting Party and shall notify the
competent authority of the requesting Party of deficiencies in the request, if any, within 60 days of the receipt of the
request.
b) If the competent authority of the requested Party has been unable to obtain and provide the information within 90
days of receipt of the request, including if it encounters obstacles in furnishing the information or it refuses to furnish the
information, it shall immediately inform the requesting Party, explaining the reason for its inability, the nature of the
obstacles or the reasons for its refusal.
Article 6
Tax Examinations Abroad
1.
By reasonable notice given in advance, the applicant Party may request that the requested Party allows
representatives of the competent authority of the applicant Party to enter the territory of the requested Party, to the extent
permitted under its laws, to interview individuals and examine records with the prior written consent of the individuals
or other persons concerned. The competent authority of the requested Party shall notify the competent authority of the
applicant Party of the time and place of the meeting with the individuals concerned.
2.
At the request of the competent authority of the applicant Party, the competent authority of the requested Party
may allow representatives of the competent authority of the applicant Party to be present at the appropriate part of a tax
examination in the requested Party.
3.
If the request referred to in paragraph 2 is acceded to, the competent authority of the requested Party
conducting the examination shall, as soon as possible, notify the competent authority of the applicant Party about the
time and place of the examination, the authority or official designated to carry out the examination and the procedures
and conditions required by the requested Party for the conduct of the examination. All decisions with respect to the
conduct of the tax examination shall be made by the requested Party conducting the examination.
Article 7
Possibility of Declining a Request for Information
1.
The competent authority of the requested Party may decline to assist:
(a)
where the request is not made in conformity with this Agreement and, in particular, where the requirements of
Article 5 are not met; or
(b)
where the requesting Party has not pursued all means available in its own territory to obtain the information,
except where recourse to such means would give rise to disproportionate difficulty; or
(c)
where disclosure of the information would be contrary to public policy (ordre public) of the requested Party.
2.
This Agreement shall not impose on a Contracting Party the obligation:
(a) to provide information subject to legal privilege, or any trade, business, industrial, commercial or
professional secret or trade process, provided that information described in paragraph 4 of Article 5 shall not by
reason of that fact alone be treated as such a secret or trade process; or
(b) to carry out administrative measures at variance with its laws and administrative practices, provided nothing in
this subparagraph shall affect the obligations of a Contracting Party under paragraph 4 of Article 5.
3.
A request for information shall not be refused on the ground that the tax claim giving rise to the request is
disputed.
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4.
The requested Party shall not be required to obtain and provide information which the requesting Party would
be unable to obtain under its own laws made in similar circumstances from the requested Party under this Agreement.
5.
The requested Party may decline a request for information if the information is requested by the applicant Party
to administer or enforce a provision of the tax law of the applicant Party, or any requirement connected therewith, which
discriminates against a national of the requested Party as compared with a national of the applicant Party in the same
circumstances.
Article 8
Confidentiality
1.
All information provided and received by the competent authorities of the Contracting Parties shall be kept
confidential.
2.
This information may be disclosed only to persons or authorities (including courts and administrative bodies)
of the Contracting Parties concerned with the purposes specified in Article 1, and used by such persons or authorities
only for such purposes. For these purposes information may be used in public court proceedings or in judicial decisions.
3.
Such information may not be used for any purpose other than for the purposes stated in Article 1 without the
expressed written consent of the competent authority of the requested Party.
4.
Information received under this Agreement must not be disclosed to any other State or sovereign territory not
party to this Agreement.
5.
Personal data may be transmitted to the extent necessary for carrying out the provisions of this Agreement and
subject to the provisions of the law of the supplying Party.
6.
Information received by the requested Party in conjunction with a request for assistance under this Agreement
shall likewise be treated as confidential in the requested Party.
Article 9
Costs
1.
Unless the competent authorities of the Contracting Parties otherwise agree, ordinary costs incurred in
providing assistance shall be borne by the requested Party, and, subject to the provisions of this Article, extraordinary
costs incurred in providing assistance shall, if they exceed 500 US Dollars, be borne by the requesting Party.
2.
The competent authorities will consult each other, in advance, in any particular case where extraordinary costs
are likely to exceed 500 US Dollars to determine whether the requesting Party will continue to pursue the request and
bear the cost.
3.
The competent authorities shall consult from time to time with regard to this Article.
4.
Ordinary costs include internal administration costs, any minor external costs and overhead expenses incurred
by the requested Party in reviewing and responding to information requests submitted by the requested Party. Examples
of extraordinary costs incurred in providing assistance include, but are not limited to the following:
a) reasonable fees charged by third parties for copying documents on behalf of the requested Party;
b) reasonable costs of engaging interpreters, translators or other agreed experts;
c) reasonable costs of conveying documents to the requesting Party;
d) reasonable litigation costs of the requested Party in relation to a specific request for information; and
e) reasonable costs for obtaining depositions or testimony.
Article 10
Mutual Agreement Procedure
1.
Where difficulties or doubts arise between the Contracting Parties regarding the implementation or
interpretation of this Agreement, the competent authorities shall endeavour to resolve the matter by mutual agreement.
2.
In addition to the agreements referred to in paragraph 1, the competent authorities of the Contracting Parties
may mutually agree on the procedures to be used under this agreement.
3.
The competent authorities of the Contracting Parties may communicate with each other directly for purposes of
reaching agreement under this Article.
4.
The Contracting Parties may also agree on other forms of dispute resolution.
Article 11
Entry into Force
1.
This Agreement shall enter into force one month from the date on which the Contracting Parties have notified
each other that their respective requirements for the entry into force of this Agreement have been fulfiled. The relevant
date shall be the day on which the last notification is received.
2.
Upon the date of entry into force, this Agreement shall have effect for all requests made but only in respect of
taxable periods beginning on or after 1 April, 2013.
Article 12
Termination
1.
This Agreement shall remain in force until terminated by either Contracting Party.
2.
Either Contracting Party may terminate the Agreement by serving a written notice of termination to the other
Contracting Party through diplomatic channels.
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3.
Such termination shall become effective on the first day of the month following the expiration of a period of six
months after the date of receipt of notice of termination by the other Contracting Party. All requests received up to the
effective date of termination shall be dealt with in accordance with the provisions of the Agreement.
4.
After termination of this Agreement, both Contracting Parties shall remain bound by the provisions of Article 8
with respect to any information provided and received under this Agreement.
In witness whereof, the undersigned, being duly authorized thereto, have signed this Agreement.
DONE in duplicate at twenty eighth day of March 2013, each in the Hindi and English languages, all texts being
equally authentic. In case of divergence of interpretation, the English text shall prevail.
