Reserve Bank of India (Commercial Banks – Credit Cards and Debit Cards: Issuance and Conduct) Directions, 2025
RBI master-direction RBI/DOR/2025-26/155 · 28 Nov 2025
RBI master-direction RBI/DOR/2025-26/155 · 28 Nov 2025
Summary
Check the official recordThe Reserve Bank of India issues these Directions to regulate the issuance and conduct of credit and debit card business by commercial banks. The rules mandate board-approved policies for card issuance, grievance redressal, and risk management. Banks must obtain explicit customer consent for card issuance, upgrades, and overlimit facilities. The Directions prohibit unsolicited card issuance and require banks to close inactive accounts after specified procedures. Banks must provide a Key Fact Statement and Most Important Terms and Conditions (MITC) to customers. The rules also define requirements for co-branding arrangements, billing cycles, interest rate transparency, and debt collection practices. These Directions apply to all commercial banks and take effect immediately, replacing previous guidelines on the subject.
What you must do
Key dates
Who is affected
Thresholds
Exceptions
If you do not comply
RBI/DOR/2025-26/155 DOR.AUT.REC.No.74/24-01-041/2025-26 November 28, 2025 Reserve Bank of India (Commercial Banks – Credit Cards and Debit Cards: Issuance and Conduct) Directions, 2025
Table of Contents Chapter I - Preliminary Chapter II – Conduct of Credit Card Business Chapter III – Issue of Debit Card by Banks Chapter IV – Form Factor Chapter V – Co-branding Arrangement Chapter VI – General Guidelines for Credit and Debit Cards Chapter VII - Miscellaneous Chapter VIII – Repeal and Other Provisions
In exercise of the powers conferred by Section 35A of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949, and all other provisions / laws enabling the Reserve Bank of India (‘RBI’) in this regard, RBI being satisfied that it is necessary and expedient in the public interest so to do, hereby, issues the Directions hereinafter specified.
For the purpose of these Directions, 'Commercial Banks' mean banking companies (other than Small Finance Banks, Payment Banks, and Local Area Banks), corresponding new banks, and the State Bank of India, as defined respectively under clauses (c), (da), and (nc) of Section 5 of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949.
(1) Add-on Credit Card means a supplementary credit card to the principal or primary credit card, issued to person/s with predefined relationship with the primary cardholder, within the credit limits and liability of the latter, subject to such terms and conditions as stipulated by the card-issuer.
(2) Annual Percentage Rate is the annual cost of credit to the cardholder which includes interest rate and all other charges associated with the credit card under different scenarios based on card features.
(3) Billing Cycle / Billing Period is the regular length of time between closing dates of two consecutive bills raised by the card-issuer.
(4) Business Credit Cards are issued to business entities / individuals for the purpose of business expenses with specified terms and conditions and not for personal use.
(5) Cardholder is a person to whom a card is issued or one who is authorized to use an issued card.
(6) Card-issuer is a bank which issue debit or credit cards.
(7) Card Loyalty / Reward Programme/s are those schemes linked to a credit card or debit card whereby the card-issuer or associated merchant establishments, upon use of the card/s, offer digital coupons, points, discounts, cash backs or other benefits having monetary value that can be used / redeemed for the same transactions or other future transactions after accumulation.
(8) Charge Card is a type of credit card where the user has to pay the billed amount in full on due date after the billing cycle, and no rolling over of credit to the next billing cycle is permitted.
(9) Co-branded Card is a card that is issued jointly by a card-issuer and a co-branding entity bearing the names of both the partnering entities.
(10) Convenience Fee is a fixed or pro-rata charge on use of credit / debit cards as one of the alternative forms of payment which is not ordinarily accepted vis-à-vis other forms of payment.
(11) Corporate Credit Card is a credit card that is issued to specific employee/s of a corporate employer wherein the liability could rest with the corporate entity or the employee or jointly on both, as per the product design features.
(12) Credit Card is a physical or virtual payment instrument containing a means of identification, issued with a pre-approved revolving credit limit, that can be used to purchase goods and services or draw cash advances, subject to prescribed terms and conditions.
(13) Credit Limit is the maximum amount of revolving credit determined and notified to the cardholder to transact in the credit card account.
(14) Debit Card is a physical or virtual payment instrument containing a means of identification, linked to a Savings Bank / Current Account which can be used to withdraw cash, make online payments, do PoS terminal / Quick Response (QR) code transactions, fund transfer, etc. subject to prescribed terms and conditions.
(15) Form Factor is the physical or virtual instrument that can be used in place of a card to undertake a payment / banking transaction.
(16) Interest-Free Credit Period is the time period from the date of transaction to the due date of payment, wherein interest free payment can be made, subject to the payment of entire outstanding on or before the payment due date by the cardholder.
(17) Minimum Amount Due is the minimum amount of money, as a part of the total bill amount, that a cardholder has to pay to not be treated as an overdue bill.
(18) Most Important Terms and Conditions (MITC) are the standard set of conditions for the issuance and usage of credit cards, thereby defining the responsibilities and liabilities of the card-issuer and the cardholder.
(19) Prepaid Card is a Prepaid Payment Instrument as defined in the Master Direction on Prepaid Payment Instruments dated August 27, 2021.
(20) Principal Cardholder means the customer who has been issued credit card by a card-issuer and on whose name the card account has been opened.
(21) Total Amount Due is the total amount (net of credit received during the billing cycle, if any) payable by the cardholder as per the credit card statement generated at the end of a billing cycle.
(22) Unsolicited Credit Card is a credit card issued without a specific written / digital request or an application therefor.
Provided that the issuance of a credit card for renewal or replacement shall not be treated as an unsolicited card.
Renewal contemplates the issuance of a new card on account of expiry of an existing card and replacement includes issuance of a new card in place of an existing card in lieu of the change in the underlying account relationship, upgradation due to new technology or systems or re-issuance of cards that have been lost, blocked or suspended temporarily, but does not include the opening of a new account after a previous account was closed.
(23) Upgradation of Credit Card means enhancement in the benefits and features of credit cards issued, for example, an increase in the credit or cash limit of the card.