RBI master-direction RBI/DOR/2025-26/349 · 28 Nov 2025
Official title
Reserve Bank of India (Non-Banking Financial Companies – Credit Information Reporting) Directions, 2025 (Updated as on July 01, 2026)
Summary
Check the official recordThe Reserve Bank of India establishes a standardized framework for Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) to report and disseminate credit information. NBFCs must join all registered Credit Information Companies (CICs) and submit borrower data in the Uniform Credit Reporting Format. The directions mandate specific reporting timelines, including incremental updates on the 9th, 16th, and 23rd of each month and full file submissions by the 5th day of the following month. NBFCs must implement a customer grievance redressal mechanism, including a compensation framework for delayed data rectification. The directions also require NBFCs to display information on secured assets possessed under the SARFAESI Act on their websites. These rules apply to most NBFC layers, excluding those without customer interfaces or specific specialized entities.
What you must do
Key dates
Who is affected
Thresholds
Exceptions
If you do not comply
RBI/DOR/2025-26/349 DOR.FIN.REC.No.268/20.16.056/2025-26 November 28, 2025
Previous Versions Reserve Bank of India (Non-Banking Financial Companies – Credit Information Reporting) Directions, 2025 (Updated as on July 01, 2026)
These directions aim to establish a standardised framework for reporting and dissemination of credit information; safeguard the confidentiality and security of sensitive credit data; provide mechanisms for consumers to access their credit information and grievance redressal on matters related to credit information reporting.
Accordingly, in exercise of the powers conferred by Section 11 of the Credit Information Companies (Regulations) Act, 2005 (hereinafter referred to as CICRA), the Reserve Bank of India (‘RBI’) being satisfied that it is necessary and expedient in the public interest so to do, hereby issues the Directions hereinafter specified.
These Directions shall be called the Reserve Bank of India (Non-Banking Financial Companies – Credit Information Reporting) Directions, 2025.
These Directions shall come into force with immediate effect, unless otherwise specified.
(i) NBFC-D registered with the RBI under the provisions of the RBI Act, 1934;
(ii) NBFC-ICC registered with the RBI under the provisions of the RBI Act, 1934;
(iii) NBFC-Factor registered with the RBI under the provisions of the Factoring Regulation Act, 2011;
(iv) NBFC-MFI registered with the RBI under the provisions of the RBI Act, 1934;
(v) NBFC-IFC registered with the RBI under the provisions of the RBI Act, 1934;
(vi) IDF-NBFC registered with the RBI under the provisions of the RBI Act, 1934;
(vii) HFC registered with the RBI under the provisions of the NHB Act, 1987;
(viii) NBFC-P2P registered with the RBI under the provisions of the RBI Act, 1934;
(ix) Core Investment Company registered with the RBI under the provisions of the RBI Act, 1934
(2) These Directions are not applicable for the following:
(i) MGC registered with RBI under the scheme of Registration of Mortgage Guarantee Companies.
(ii) NBFC-AA registered with the RBI under the provisions of the RBI Act, 1934;
(iii) SPD registered with the RBI as NBFCs under the provisions of the RBI Act, 1934;
(iv) NOFHC registered with the RBI as NBFC under the provisions of the RBI Act, 1934;
(v) NBFCs not having any customer interface.
Note: The applicability under these Directions is in line with the regulatory structure for NBFCs as set out in Reserve Bank of India (Non-Banking Financial Companies – Registration, Exemptions and Framework for Scale Based Regulation) Directions, 2025.
(1) ‘Company’ means a company defined under section 3 of the Companies Act, 1956 or corresponding section under the Companies Act, 2013.
(2) ‘Credit Information Companies (CICs)’ means companies that have been granted a certificate of registration under section 5 of the CICRA. The CICs registered with RBI under Section 5 of the CICRA are:
| Sl. No. | List of the CICs registered with RBI | Date of issue of Certificate of Registration |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | CRIF High Mark Credit Information Services Private Limited | November 25, 2010 |
| 2. | Equifax Credit Information Services Private Limited | March 26, 2010 |
| 3. | Experian Credit Information Company of India Private Limited | February 17, 2010 |
| 4. | TransUnion CIBIL Limited | March 05, 2012 |
(3) ‘Specified User (SU)’ shall have the same meaning assigned to it under clause (l) of section 2 of CICRA and those notified under regulation 3 of the Credit Information Companies Regulations, 2006, hereinafter referred to as “CIC Regulations” (as amended from time to time).
A CI shall become member of all the CICs registered with the RBI.
One-time membership fee charged by the CICs from a CI to become their members shall not exceed ₹10,000 each.
The annual fees charged by the CICs from a CI shall not exceed ₹5,000 each.
(1) Form 1: Uniform Credit Reporting Format (Consumer) – for consumer segment.
(2) Form 2: Uniform Credit Reporting Format (Commercial) – for commercial segment.
(3) Form 3: Uniform Credit Reporting Format (MFI) – for microfinance segment.
(1) A CI shall submit data on credit information of its borrowers (including historical data) to all CICs.
(2) ^1 A CI shall keep the credit information collected / maintained by it, updated regularly on the following basis or at shorter intervals as mutually agreed upon between the CI and CIC:
(i) A CI shall submit credit information as on 9th, 16th, 23rd and last day of the month (hereinafter referred to as the reference dates) to CICs.
(ii) A CI shall submit the full file containing credit information records as on the last day of the month to the CICs, by 5th day of the next month. Full file for this purpose shall include all active accounts in the books of the CI and the accounts wherein relationship between the borrower and the CI has ended since the last reporting reference date.
