MINISTRY OF FINANCE
(Department of Revenue)
NOTIFICATION
New Delhi, the 2nd September, 2016
(Income-Tax) .
S.O. 2865(E).—Whereas, an Agreement between the Government of the Republic of India and the Government of
the Republic of Maldives for the Exchange of Information with respect to Taxes (hereinafter referred to as the said
Agreement) as set out in the Annexure to this notification, was signed at New Delhi on the 11th day of April, 2016;
And whereas, the said Agreement entered into force on the 2nd day of August, 2016 being the date of the later of the
notifications of the completion of the procedures required by the respective laws for entry into force of the said
Agreement, in accordance with paragraph 2 of Article 12 of the said Agreement;
Now, therefore, in exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) of section 90 of the Income-tax Act, 1961
(43 of 1961), the Central Government hereby notifies that all the provisions of said Agreement, as annexed hereto as
Annexure, shall be given effect to in the Union of India, in accordance with Article 12 of the said Agreement.
ANNEXURE
AGREEMENT
BETWEEN
THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDIA
AND
THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF MALDIVES
FOR
THE EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION
WITH RESPECT TO TAXES
The Government of the Republic of India and the Government of the Republic of Maldives, desiring to facilitate
the exchange of information with respect to taxes have agreed as follows:
Article 1
Object and Scope of the Agreement
The competent authorities of the Contracting Parties shall provide assistance through exchange of information
that is foreseeably relevant to the administration and enforcement of the domestic laws of the Contracting Parties
concerning taxes covered by this Agreement. Such information shall include information that is foreseeably relevant to
the determination, assessment and collection of such taxes, the recovery and enforcement of tax claims, or the
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11
investigation or prosecution of tax matters. Information shall be exchanged in accordance with the provisions of this
Agreement and shall be treated as confidential in the manner provided in Article 8. The rights and safeguards secured to
persons by the laws or administrative practice of the requested Party remain applicable to the extent that they do not
unduly prevent or delay effective exchange of information.
Article 2
Jurisdiction
A Requested Party is not obliged to provide information which is neither held by its authorities nor is in the
possession or control of persons who are within its territorial jurisdiction.
Article 3
Taxes Covered
1.
The taxes which are the subject of this Agreement are:
a) in India, taxes of every kind and description imposed by the Central Government or the Governments of
political subdivisions or local authorities, irrespective of the manner in which they are levied;
b) in Maldives, taxes of every kind and description imposed by the Government in accordance with the law
irrespective of the manner in which they are levied;
2.
This Agreement shall also apply to any identical or substantially similar taxes imposed after the date of
signature of this Agreement in addition to, or in place of, the existing taxes. The competent authorities of the Contracting
Parties shall notify each other of any substantial changes to the taxation and related information gathering measures
which may affect the obligations of that Party pursuant to this Agreement.
Article 4
Definitions
3.
For the purposes of this Agreement, unless otherwise defined:
a) the term “India” means the territory of India and includes the territorial sea and airspace above it, as well as
any other maritime zone in which India has sovereign rights, other rights and jurisdiction, according to the
Indian law and in accordance with international law, including the U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea;
b) the term “Maldives” means the territory of the Maldives and includes its territorial sea, continental shelf,
sea-bed, sub-soil (and their natural resources) and airspace, as well as any maritime zone in which the
Maldives has sovereign rights, other rights and jurisdiction, according to the law of the Maldives and in
accordance with international law, including the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea;
c) the term “Contracting Party” means India or Maldives as the context requires;
d) the term “competent authority” means
(i)
in the case of India, the Finance Minister, Government of India, or his authorized representative;
(ii) in the case of Maldives, the Maldives Inland Revenue Authority, or its authorized representative;
(e) the term “person” includes an individual, a company, a body of persons and any other entity which is
treated as a taxable unit under the taxation laws in force in the respective Contracting Parties;
(f) the term “company” means any body corporate or any entity that is treated as a body corporate for tax
purposes;
(g) the term “publicly traded company” means any company whose principal class of shares is listed on a
recognised stock exchange provided its listed shares can be readily purchased or sold by the public. Shares
can be purchased or sold “by the public” if the purchase or sale of shares is not implicitly or explicitly
restricted to a limited group of investors;
(h) the term “principal class of shares” means the class or classes of shares representing a majority of the voting
power and value of the company;
(i) the term “recognised stock exchange” means
(i)
in India, the National Stock Exchange, the Bombay Stock Exchange, and any other stock exchange
recognised by the Securities and Exchange Board of India;
(ii)in Maldives, the Maldives Stock Exchange; and
(iii) any other stock exchange which the competent authorities agree to recognise for the purposes of this
Agreement.
12
THE GAZETTE OF INDIA : EXTRAORDINARY
[PART II—SEC. 3(ii)]
j)
the term “collective investment fund or scheme” means any pooled investment vehicle, irrespective of
legal form.
k) the term “public collective investment fund or scheme” means any collective investment fund or scheme
provided the units, shares or other interests in the fund or scheme can be readily purchased, sold or
redeemed by the public. Units, shares or other interests in the fund or scheme can be readily purchased, sold
or redeemed “by the public” if the purchase, sale or redemption is not implicitly or explicitly restricted to a
limited group of investors;
l)
the term “tax” means any tax to which this Agreement applies;
m) the term “requesting Party” means the Contracting Party-
(i)submitting a request for information to, or
(ii)having received information from,
the requested Party.
n) the term “requested Party” means the Contracting Party-
(i)which is requested to provide information, or
(ii)which has provided information.
o) the term “information gathering measures” means laws and administrative or judicial procedures that enable
a Contracting Party to obtain and provide the requested information;
p) the term “information” means any fact, statement, document or record in whatever form;
q) the term “national” means:
(i)any individual possessing the nationality of a Contracting Party;
(ii)any legal person, partnership or association deriving its status as such from the laws in force in a
Contracting Party.
2. As regards the application of this Agreement at any time by a Contracting Party, any term not defined therein
shall, unless the context otherwise requires or the competent authorities agree to a common meaning pursuant to the
provisions of Article 11 of this Agreement, have the meaning that it has at that time under the law of that Party, any
meaning under the applicable tax laws of that Party prevailing over a meaning given to the term under other laws of
that Party.
Article 5
Exchange of Information Upon Request
1.
The competent authority of the requested Party shall provide upon request information for the purposes referred
to in Article 1. Such information shall be exchanged without regard to whether the requested Party needs such
information for its own tax purposes or whether the conduct being investigated would constitute a crime under the laws
of the requested Party if such conduct occurred in the requested Party.
2.
If the information in the possession of the competent authority of the requested Party is not sufficient to enable it
to comply with the request for information, that Party shall use all relevant information gathering measures to provide the
requesting Party with the information requested, notwithstanding that the requested Party may not need such information
for its own tax purposes.
3.
If specifically requested by the competent authority of the requesting Party, the competent authority of the
requested Party shall provide information under this Article, to the extent allowable under its domestic laws, in the form
of depositions of witnesses and authenticated copies of original records.
4.
Each Contracting Party shall ensure that its competent authority, for the purposes of this Agreement, has the
authority to obtain and provide upon request:
a) information held by banks, other financial institutions, and any person, including nominees and trustees,
acting in an agency or fiduciary capacity;
b) information regarding the legal and beneficial ownership of companies, partnerships, collective investment
funds or schemes, trusts, foundations and other persons, including, within the constraints of Article 2,
